The Complete Guide to Cloud Migration Services
Cloud Migration Strategies: The 7 R's Framework
Not every workload should be migrated the same way. The 7 R's framework provides a structured approach to determine the right migration strategy for each application. Understanding these options is crucial for building a migration plan that balances speed, cost, and cloud optimization.
Rehost (Lift and Shift)
Rehosting moves applications to cloud infrastructure with minimal changes—often using tools that automate VM migration. This is the fastest path to cloud, typically taking 30-50% less time than other strategies. It's ideal for applications that work well as-is, data center exit scenarios, or when you need to migrate quickly before optimizing.
While rehosting doesn't maximize cloud benefits immediately, it gets you out of the data center business. Post-migration optimization can then modernize workloads incrementally without the pressure of data center deadlines.
Replatform (Lift and Reshape)
Replatforming makes targeted optimizations during migration without major refactoring. Examples include moving from self-managed databases to managed services (like Amazon RDS or Azure SQL), containerizing applications without rearchitecting, or upgrading operating systems during migration.
This strategy balances migration speed with cloud optimization. You get some cloud benefits (reduced operational burden, automatic patching) while keeping timelines reasonable.
Refactor (Re-architect)
Refactoring rearchitects applications to be cloud-native—leveraging containers, serverless, managed services, and modern patterns. This maximizes cloud benefits but requires significant investment. It's reserved for applications where cloud-native architecture delivers substantial business value: better scalability, lower operational costs, or enabling new capabilities.
We often recommend a phased approach: rehost first to exit the data center, then refactor high-value applications over time. This avoids the risk of lengthy refactoring projects blocking migration.
Repurchase (Replace with SaaS)
Sometimes the best migration is replacing custom or packaged software with SaaS alternatives. Moving from on-premise CRM to Salesforce, or from Exchange servers to Microsoft 365, eliminates infrastructure entirely. Evaluate build vs. buy for every application during migration planning.
Relocate (VMware Cloud)
For organizations with significant VMware investments, VMware Cloud on AWS, Azure VMware Solution, or Google Cloud VMware Engine let you run VMware workloads in cloud without refactoring. This is often the fastest path for VM-heavy environments that want cloud benefits without re-architecting.
Retain (Keep On-Premise)
Not everything should move to cloud immediately. Some workloads have regulatory constraints, latency requirements, or dependencies that make on-premise better for now. A good migration strategy identifies what to retain and plans for future migration when constraints change.
Retire (Decommission)
Migration is an opportunity to rationalize your application portfolio. Identify applications that are redundant, unused, or better served by other solutions. Decommissioning saves migration effort and ongoing cloud costs.
The Cloud Migration Process
Successful cloud migration follows a structured process that reduces risk and ensures business continuity. While specifics vary by organization, these phases are consistent across successful migrations.
Phase 1: Discovery and Assessment
Every migration starts with understanding your current state. This includes inventorying applications, mapping dependencies, identifying data flows, and assessing technical debt. Discovery tools can automate much of this, but stakeholder interviews are essential for understanding business context that tools can't capture.
Assessment also includes building the business case: TCO analysis comparing current costs to projected cloud spend, risk assessment identifying potential issues, and resource planning for the migration effort itself.
Phase 2: Planning and Design
With discovery complete, planning maps each application to a migration strategy (using the 7 R's framework) and sequences workloads into migration waves. Early waves typically include lower-risk workloads that build team capability and prove migration patterns before tackling critical systems.
Architecture design defines the target cloud environment: account structure, network topology, security controls, and operational frameworks. This landing zone becomes the foundation for all migrated workloads.
Phase 3: Landing Zone Setup
Before migrating workloads, we build the cloud foundation. This landing zone includes account/subscription structure aligned with your organization, networking (VPCs, connectivity to on-premise), security baselines (IAM policies, encryption), and operational tooling (monitoring, logging, alerting).
Infrastructure as Code (Terraform, CloudFormation, Pulumi) ensures the landing zone is reproducible, version-controlled, and can be extended as migration progresses. This foundation accelerates subsequent migrations by providing consistent, secure environments.
Phase 4: Migration Execution
Migration executes in waves, with each wave following a consistent pattern: preparation (configure target environment), migration (move data and applications), testing (validate functionality), cutover (switch traffic), and hypercare (monitor and address issues). Each wave builds capability and confidence for subsequent waves.
Phase 5: Optimization and Operations
Post-migration optimization ensures you're getting full cloud value. Right-sizing eliminates over-provisioned resources. Reserved instances and savings plans reduce costs for stable workloads. Operational runbooks and training ensure your team can manage the cloud environment effectively.